Keel Muhasay (Acne): Wajohat, Kya Karein Aur Kya Na Karein

1. Keel muhasay hote kyun hain?

Chehre par jo phoonsi nikalti hai us ki kahani jild ke andar shuru hoti hai. NIH ke NIAMS ke mutabiq jild ke pores mein tel (sebum) aur murda khaal jama ho kar rasta band kar deti hai, phir us mein bacteria barhte hain aur sozish ho jati hai. Yani teen cheezein: zyada tel, murda khaal aur bacteria.

Tel zyada kyun banta hai? Hormones ki wajah se. Jawani mein androgen hormones barhte hain jo tel ki glands ko bara kar dete hain, is liye larke larkiyan dono is umar mein pareshan hote hain. Hamal mein hormones ki tabdeeli se bhi acne ho sakta hai.

NIAMS ke mutabiq agar walidain ko acne tha to aulad ko hone ka imkaan zyada hota hai. Kuch dawaein, jaise hormone wali dawaein, corticosteroids aur lithium, bhi acne kar sakti hain. Aur ek baat saaf: gandagi acne ki wajah nahi. Blackhead kala is liye lagta hai ke hawa lagne se tel ka rang badal jata hai, mail ki wajah se nahi.

2. Kis ko zyada hota hai?

American Academy of Dermatology (AAD) ke mutabiq 12 se 24 saal ke tehreeban 85 fisad log kam ya zyada acne ka samna karte hain.

NIAMS ke mutabiq teenage mein larkon mein zyada aur barhi umar mein khawateen mein zyada hota hai. AAD likhta hai ke adult acne wali khawateen mein se tehreeban 20 se 40 fisad ko pehli baar acne bari umar mein hi hota hai. Aksar logon ka acne tees saal ki umar tak khatam ho jata hai, magar kuch logon ko chalees pachaas mein bhi rehta hai.

3. Phoonsi ki qismein pehchanein

Whitehead: band pore jo khaal ke neeche safed dana banata hai. Blackhead: wohi band pore jo khaal ki satah tak aa kar khul jata hai aur kala lagta hai. Papule: chhota gulabi dana jo chhoone se dukhta hai. Pustule: jis par safed ya peeli peep ho.

Nodule: bari, sakht aur dard wali gilthi jo jild ke andar gehri hoti hai. Severe nodular acne, jisay log cystic acne kehte hain, mein gehri peep wali dard bhari gilthiyan hoti hain. In do qismon mein doctor zaroori hai.

4. Kya cheezein acne barhati hain?

AAD ke mutabiq stress acne ki wajah nahi banta magar mojooda acne ko bigaar sakta hai, aur jitna stress zyada, acne utna zyada. Kam neend bhi acne barha sakti hai.

Tel wala makeup aur baalon ka tel ya pomade jo chehre tak aaye, dono acne barhate hain. Hamare yahan raat ko baalon mein tel laga kar sone ka riwaj hai; mathay par daanay hon to baal chehre se door rakhein.

NIAMS ke mutabiq helmet, tight kapron ya bag ke patte ka dabao, zyada nami aur pollution, phoonsi dabana ya chhilna, aur chehre ko zor se ragarna bhi acne bigaarte hain. AAD ke mutabiq kuch studies mein cigarette peene walon mein acne zyada paaya gaya.

5. Khane ka kitna kirdar hai? Sach yeh hai

AAD ke mutabiq chhoti studies yeh ishara karti hain ke low-glycemic khuraak (kam cheeni, kam safed roti aur chawal, zyada sabzi, daal aur phal) acne kam kar sakti hai, magar dosri studies mein yeh taluq nahi mila. AAD khud kehta hai ke pakka jaanne ke liye mazeed research chahiye.

Gaye ke doodh ke baare mein kuch studies mein acne barhne ka taluq mila hai, magar dahi aur paneer ke saath aisa taluq nahi mila. Chocolate aur tali hui cheezon ke baare mein mazboot saboot nahi.

AAD ki bottom line yeh hai ke sirf khana badalne se jild saaf nahi hoti, is ke saath sahi skin care bhi chahiye.

6. Ghar par kya karein (jo waqai kaam karta hai)

AAD ke mutabiq chehra din mein zyada se zyada do baar aur paseena aane ke baad dhoyen, narm face wash se, sirf ungliyon se. Towel, sponge ya scrub se ragarna jild ko irritate karta hai. Alcohol-free cheezein chunein aur toner, astringent aur exfoliant se bachein kyunke yeh jild khushk kar ke acne ko aur bura dikhate hain.

Baal tel wale hon to shampoo zyada baar karein aur baal chehre se door rakhein. Haath baar baar chehre par na lagayein. Aur sab se ahem: phoonsi na dabayen, na choren. AAD ke mutabiq is se acne der se theek hota hai aur nishaan aur kale dhabbe parne ka khatra barhta hai.

Dukaan se milne wali dawaon mein NIAMS benzoyl peroxide (jo bacteria marta hai) aur salicylic acid (jo blackhead whitehead kholta hai) ka zikr karta hai. Magar sabar chahiye: AAD ke mutabiq asar dikhne mein kai hafte se chand mahine lagte hain, aur baar baar product badalne se acne bigar sakta hai.

Besan, haldi, toothpaste aur is tarah ke totkon ke liye koi mazboot evidence nahi, aur kuch cheezein jild ko irritate kar sakti hain.

7. Dhoop, kale dhabbe aur nishaan

Acne ke baad jo kale dhabbe reh jate hain unhein post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation kehte hain, aur NIAMS ke mutabiq gehri rangat wali jild mein yeh zyada hote hain. Is liye hamare liye sunscreen aur bhi zaroori hai.

AAD ke mutabiq aisa sunscreen lein jis par "non-comedogenic" ya "wont clog pores" likha ho, SPF 30 ya zyada. Dhoop mein jild jalne se bachein, kyunke acne ki bohat si dawaein jild ko dhoop ke liye zyada hassaas kar deti hain.

8. Dermatologist se kab milein

AAD kehta hai ke agar upar wali baatein apnane ke baad bhi daanay nikalte rahein to dermatologist se milein. Dard wali gilthiyan, nishaan banna, ya aisa acne jo aap ko logon se milne se rokta ho, yeh sab doctor ke paas jane ki wajah hain.

Doctor ke paas prescription ki dawaein hoti hain: topical retinoids, antibiotics, isotretinoin, aur khawateen ke liye hormone therapy. Yeh sab doctor ki nigrani mein hi li jati hain, kisi ke kehne par ya dukaan se khud nahi.

Hawalay (Sources)

• NIH NIAMS: Acne, overview, symptoms and causes
• NIH NIAMS: Acne, diagnosis, treatment and steps to take
• AAD: Acne causes
• AAD: Can the right diet get rid of acne?
• AAD: Acne, tips for managing
• AAD: Skin conditions by the numbers
• AAD: Stats and facts

Note: Yeh maloomat sirf aam agahi ke liye hai, ilaj ka mutabadal nahi. Koi bimari, hamal, ya musalsal alamaat hon to doctor se zaroor mashwara karein.