PCOS Kya Hai? Alamaat, Tashkhees Aur Zindagi Ke Tareeqay Mein Tabdeeli

1. PCOS asal mein hai kya?

PCOS ka matlab hai Polycystic Ovary Syndrome. Yeh aurat ke hormones ka aisa masla hai jis mein periods be-qaida ho sakte hain, jism mein mardana hormones (androgens) zyada ho sakte hain, aur ovaries mein chhoti chhoti thailiyan nazar aa sakti hain.

Naam se lagta hai ke har cheez ovary ki "cyst" ki wajah se hai, magar WHO wazahat karta hai ke tashkhees ke liye ultrasound par cyst hona zaroori nahi. Yani kisi ko cysts ke baghair bhi PCOS ho sakta hai.

WHO ke mutabiq dunya bhar mein tehreeban 10 se 13 fisad khawateen is se mutasir hain, aur 70 fisad tak ko tashkhees hi nahi hoti. Matlab hamare aas paas bohat si larkiyan aur khawateen hain jo isay "bas aisa hi hota hai" samajh kar guzaar rahi hain.

2. Aam alamaat

Sab se aam nishani periods ka be-qaida hona hai: kabhi bohat der se aana, kabhi mahino na aana, kabhi bohat zyada ya bohat lambay chalna.

Dosri alamaat mein chehre ya jism par zyada baal, sar ke baal patle hona, muhasay ya chiknahat wali jild, aur hamal na thehrna shamil hain. Kuch khawateen ko pait ke ird gird wazan barhta mehsoos hota hai.

Yaad rahe, har alamat har kisi mein nahi hoti. Kisi mein sirf periods ka masla hota hai, kisi mein sirf baal aur muhasay. Isi liye doctor ka jaiza zaroori hai, ghar baithe andaza kaafi nahi.

3. Tashkhees kaise hoti hai?

WHO ke mutabiq doctor kisi aur wajah ko radd karne ke baad in teen mein se kam az kam do cheezein dekhte hain: mardana hormones ke asraat (jaise zyada baal, baal jharna, muhasay ya blood test mein zyada testosterone), be-qaida ya band periods, aur ultrasound par polycystic ovaries.

Doctor aksar blood test ke zariye hormones aur sugar ka jaiza bhi lete hain, kyunke PCOS mein insulin resistance ho sakti hai. Thyroid jaisi dosri wajohat bhi dekhi jati hain, kyunke un ki alamaat milti julti ho sakti hain.

4. Sehat par lambay arse ke asraat

PCOS sirf periods ka masla nahi. WHO ke mutabiq is se insulin resistance aur type 2 diabetes, pait ka mota hona, blood pressure aur cholesterol ke masail, neend mein saans ki ruknay ki takleef, aur dil ki bimariyon ka khatra barh sakta hai.

Jin khawateen ke periods bohat kam aate hain unmein uterus ki andruni parat mota hone ka khatra hota hai, aur WHO aur NICHD dono endometrial cancer ke zyada khatre ka zikr karte hain. Isi liye periods ka mahino ghaib rehna nazar-andaz nahi karna chahiye.

Hamal ke hawale se NICHD kehta hai ke PCOS infertility ki aham wajah hai, lekin zyada tar suraton mein iska ilaaj mumkin hai. Hamal mein gestational diabetes aur blood pressure ke khatraat bhi zyada ho sakte hain, is liye PCOS wali khatoon ko hamal ke dauran khaas nigrani chahiye.

5. Rozana ki aadatein jo madad kar sakti hain

WHO kehta hai ke sehatmand khuraak aur jismani harkat PCOS wali har khatoon ke liye tajweez ki jati hai, chahe wazan kam na bhi ho. Yani sirf "wazan ghatao" par zor dena kaafi nahi, rozana ki aadatein khud faida deti hain.

Desi andaaz mein is ka matlab yeh ho sakta hai: safed atay ke saath daal, sabzi aur salad ka hissa barhana, meethi chai aur cold drinks kam karna, aur roz adhe ghante ki tez raftaar walk ko aadat banana. Yeh koi jadoo nahi, magar sehat ke khatraat kam karne mein madadgar raasta hai.

Neend poori lena aur tension kam rakhna bhi hormonal sehat ke liye acha hai. Phir bhi koi gharelu nuskha ya herbal goli PCOS ko "khatam" nahi kar sakti, aur aisa daawa karne wale ishtiharaat se hoshiyar rahein.

6. Doctor kya ilaaj de sakte hain?

WHO ke mutabiq PCOS ka koi mukammal ilaaj nahi, magar ilaaj se zindagi ka maiyar behtar aur lambay arse ke khatraat kam kiye ja sakte hain. Periods ko qaida mein laane ke liye doctor combined contraceptive pills de sakte hain, jo muhasay aur zyada baalon mein bhi kuch madad kar sakti hain.

Zyada baal ya muhasay ke liye anti-androgen dawaen bhi istemal hoti hain. Agar hamal chahiye aur nahi thehar raha to lifestyle, ovulation barhane ki dawaen, ya zaroorat par IVF jaise tareeqe istemal ho sakte hain. Yeh sab faisle sirf gynecologist ke mashware se hone chahiye, apni marzi se koi dawa shuru ya band na karein.

7. Doctor se kab milein?

Agar periods mahino be-qaida hain ya bilkul band hain, chehre par zyada baal ya baal jharne ki shikayat hai, ya hamal ki koshish mein kamyabi nahi mil rahi, to gynecologist se milein. Jaldi tashkhees se alamaat sambhalna aur lambay arse ke khatraat kam karna aasaan hota hai.

Agar periods mein bohat zyada khoon jaye, ya shadeed dard ho, to dair na karein. Hamal ka shak ho aur saath mein shadeed pait dard ya zyada khoon aaye to fori emergency mein dikhayein.

Hawalay (Sources)

• WHO: Polycystic ovary syndrome fact sheet
• NICHD (NIH): PCOS and cancer risk / pregnancy FAQs

Note: Yeh maloomat sirf aam agahi ke liye hai, ilaj ka mutabadal nahi. Koi bimari, hamal, ya musalsal alamaat hon to doctor se zaroor mashwara karein.