Smog Se Bachne Ke Tareeqay: Sahi Mask, Ghar Ki Hawa Aur Bachon Ki Hifazat

1. Smog sirf dhundh nahi, saans ka masla hai

Sardiyon mein subah ya shaam ko jab hawa bhaari aur aankhein jalti lagti hain, to yeh smog hota hai. Is mein bohat baareek zarre hote hain jinhein PM2.5 kaha jata hai. Yeh itne chhote hote hain ke saans ke raaste phephron tak pohanch sakte hain.

WHO ke mutabiq baareek zarron ki aaloodgi dil aur saans ki bimariyon aur cancer ka sabab ban sakti hai. WHO ka andaza hai ke 2019 mein bahar ki hawa ki aaloodgi se dunya bhar mein tehreeban 42 lakh qabl az waqt mautein hui, aur us saal dunya ki tehreeban 99 fisad aabadi aisi jagah rehti thi jahan WHO ki hawa ke maiyaar poore nahi hote.

2. Kin ko zyada khatra hai

CDC ke mutabiq bache, dama, COPD, dil ki bimari, diabetes ya gurde ki purani bimari wale log aur haamla khawateen dhuein ya aaloodgi se zyada mutasir ho sakte hain. Agar aap in mein se hain to smog ke dinon mein zyada ehtiyat karein.

Nai ya bigarti hui alamaat jaise khansi, saans phoolna, seene mein tangi ya sar dard par tawajjoh dein aur zaroorat ho to doctor se milein.

3. Sab se behtar bachao: ghar ke andar

CDC ke mutabiq jab dhuan ya aaloodgi zyada ho to ghar ke andar rehna sab se behtar hifazat hai. Zaroori na ho to subah sawere ki sair, bachon ka bahar khelna aur zyada mushaqqat wali warzish smog ke dinon mein kuch din ke liye roak dein.

Agar mumkin ho to ghar ke ek kamre ko "saaf kamra" bana lein jahan khirkiyan aur darwaze kam hon, aur use band rakhein. Mombati, agarbatti, lakri ya kooray ko jalane, ghar ke andar cigarette peene aur jhaadu ki jagah geele kapde se safai se parhez karein, kyunke yeh andar ki hawa bhi kharab karte hain.

4. Mask: kaunsa kaam karta hai

Aam surgical mask ya kapde ka mask baareek zarron ko poori tarah nahi rokte. US ke AirNow ke fact sheets bhi kehte hain ke aise masks se bachna chahiye jo sahi hifazat nahi dete. Agar bahar jana zaroori ho to NIOSH se manzoor N95 ya P100 respirator sab se zyada hifazat deta hai, bashart woh chehre par tight baithe.

Daarhi ya khula gap fit ko kharab kar deta hai. Aur respirator bachon ke size mein nahi aate, is liye chhote bachon ke liye ghar ke andar rehna aur bahar jaane ke waqt ko kam karna zyada ahem hai.

5. Ghar ki hawa behtar karein

CDC aur AirNow ke mutabiq ek portable air cleaner (HEPA) band kamre mein hawa ko saaf rakhne mein madad karta hai. Ozone paida karne wale air cleaner se bachein. Agar ghar mein central AC hai to MERV 13 ya us se behtar filter istemal karein, agar system sambhal sake.

Ghar mein air cleaner na ho to bhi kam az kam khirkiyan aur darwaze smog ke dinon mein band rakhein, aur hawa ke saaf waqt mein thori der ke liye kamra hawadaar karein. DIY box fan filter ko akela chalta na chhorein, CDC isse mana karta hai.

6. Hawa ki halat kaise check karein

Apne shehar ki hawa ki halat mausam ya air quality ki app ya kisi mustanad sarkari zariye se dekhein. Jab nateeja kharab ho to bahar ka kaam, waalking aur bachon ka khel ghar ke andar la kar rakhein.

7. Doctor se kab milein?

Agar saans phoolne lage, seene mein dard ho, khansi na rukey, ya dama/dil ke mareez ki dawa ke bawajood takleef barh jaye to doctor se rujoo karein. Seene mein tez dard, behoshi ya saans lene mein shadeed mushkil par fori emergency mein jayein.

Yeh article umoomi maloomat ke liye hai aur ilaaj ka mutabadal nahi.

Hawalay (Sources)

• WHO: Ambient (outdoor) air pollution fact sheet
• CDC: Safety guidelines, wildfires and wildfire smoke
• AirNow: Protect your lungs from wildfire smoke or ash

Note: Yeh maloomat sirf aam agahi ke liye hai, ilaj ka mutabadal nahi. Koi bimari, hamal, ya musalsal alamaat hon to doctor se zaroor mashwara karein.